This sculpture is a Tang Dynasty sancai (three-color glazed) figure of a celestial guardian, known as a Lokapala or "Heavenly King," a type of mingqi (spirit object) commonly included in burials during the Tang Dynasty (618–906 AD). These imposing figures were placed in tombs to protect the deceased from malevolent spirits and ensure their safe passage to the afterlife.
Description
- Appearance: The figure is depicted in a dynamic pose, standing confidently with one hand raised and the other resting on its hip. It wears elaborate armor adorned with intricate details, emphasizing its role as a protector. The sculpture stands atop a subdued mythical creature, symbolizing its dominance over evil forces. The figure's vibrant sancai glaze—featuring shades of green, amber, and cream—enhances its commanding presence.
- Material and Finish: Made from terracotta, the sculpture is coated with the lead-based sancai glaze, a hallmark of Tang funerary art. The glazing technique gives it a striking and colorful appearance while highlighting the detailed craftsmanship.
Commonality and Usage
- Prevalence: Figures of celestial guardians were common in Tang tombs, particularly those of high-ranking individuals. They were often paired with other protective figures, such as fierce animal guardians or additional Lokapalas.
- Purpose: These sculptures served both spiritual and symbolic purposes. They were believed to ward off evil spirits, protect the tomb's contents, and symbolize the deceased's elevated status and connection to divine protection.
Cultural Significance
This celestial guardian figurine exemplifies the Tang Dynasty's artistic sophistication and spiritual beliefs. It reflects the era's emphasis on ritualistic burial practices and the importance of ensuring safety in the afterlife. Such artifacts provide valuable insights into Tang society's religious traditions, aesthetics, and funerary customs.